Ngesikhathi evakashele eTanzania ngo-2023, uPaul Nantulya akakwazanga ukuzibamba kodwa wabona izitsha zesathelayithi ze-StarTimes zifakwa ezindlini namabhizinisi ezweni lonke. Uphinde waphawula nokusabalala kwemishini ye-broadband ye-Huawei ne-ZTE.
Uchwepheshe wenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yaseShayina, uNantulya uqale ingxoxo nothile mayelana nenkundla ye-StarTimes kanye nokubusa kwengqalasizinda yezokuxhumana yedijithali yaseChina ezweni lakhe.
“Ngibuze ukuthi uyazi yini ukuthi le yinkonzo yamaShayina, wathi ubengakwazi lokho,” kusho uNantulya ngesikhathi exoxa neChina-Global South Project ngo-Ephreli 25.
Le ndoda ichaze ukuthi iStarTimes idumile ngoba ifaka mahhala futhi ayinazo izimali zokubhalisela. Isigaba esishibhe kunazo zonke sephakeji yayo yethelevishini ibiza cishe u-$1 ngenyanga futhi inikeza amakhasimende amashaneli angu-30, kodwa iziteshi zayo zezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe okuwukuphela kwazo yimithombo yezindaba emibili yamahora angu-24 ephethwe futhi eqhutshwa yi-Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
“Lena yindaba ekhombisa uhlobo lokungena, uhlobo locwaningo lwemakethe olwenziwe yilezi zinkampani zabezindaba,” kusho uNantulya, ongumcwaningi e-Africa Centre for Strategic Studies (ACSS).
Iningi labathengi bemithombo yezindaba base-Afrika abazi ukuthi bavezwa abezindaba abaxhaswe ngamaShayina. UNantulya uthe lokho kungenxa yokuklama, umkhiqizo wamashumi eminyaka wesu lempi yolwazi eliqhubeka nokucwengwa ngobuqili obandayo. Embikweni wakamuva we-ACSS, wabiza amaqhinga aseChina ngokuthi “awukucasula abezindaba.”
“Lo mbono ophikisanayo wethonya labezindaba uyisisekelo sokucabanga okusemthethweni kwamaShayina,” esho. “Kubhekwe lukhulu kuyena. Isizinda semidiya sibonwa njengenkundla yempi.
“Akuqali lokhu. Lokhu kubuyela emuva ngeminyaka yawo-1950 lapho abezindaba baseShayina beba nalolu hlaka lwempi.”
Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi i-China ichitha izigidigidi zamaRandi ngonyaka emikhankasweni yomhlaba wonke yokusabalalisa ulwazi. Itshale izimali ezinkulu e-Afrika futhi yasebenzisa uxhaxha lwezindlela zokusabalalisa ithonya kanye nokuqeda ukugxekwa kwezinqubomgomo zayo.
Inkampani yombuso yaseChina i-StarTimes isibe ngabahlinzeki bethelevishini bedijithali ngobukhulu besibili e-Afrika, iziqhayisa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-13 ababhalisele i-TV yedijithali kanye nababhalisile abasakazayo abayizigidi ezingama-20.
I-Xinhua, inkampani yezindaba esemthethweni yaseChina, inamahhovisi angama-37 e-Afrika – ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi enye i-ejensi yezindaba – ukwanda okumangazayo kusuka kwedlanzana lamahhovisi eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule.
Ochwepheshe bathi ukuba khona okukhulu kwemithombo yezindaba ephethwe nguhulumeni waseChina ezwenikazi kungenzeka akunawo umthelela omkhulu emibonweni yomphakathi, kodwa abezindaba abaphethwe yiShayina bamele kuphela imithombo yolwazi esemthethweni iBeijing eyibeka e-Afrika.
“Okuthakazelisa kakhulu zonke ezinye izinto i-CCP ezenzayo ukuzama ukuthonya lesi sikhala solwazi, futhi kukulezo zindawo lapho izinto ziba nobuhlakani obuthile futhi zehluke kancane,” kusho umfundisi wezobuntatheli eNyuvesi yaseSheffield. U-Dani Madrid-Morales ngesikhathi sohlelo lwangomhla zingama-26 kuMfumfu, 2023, lwe-podcast yase-China e-Afrika.
UMadrid-Morales, uchwepheshe we-disinformation e-Afrika, ugqamise amasu amaningana aseChina ezwenikazi.
Izivumelwano zokwabelana ngokuqukethwe: Okuqukethwe kwamahhala i-Xinhua ekunikezayo emisebenzini eminingi yezindaba yase-Afrika engaxhaswanga kahle kungase kubonakale kuyimpilo. Kodwa abafundi abavamile ukwazi ukuthi amanani amakhulu alokho okuqukethwe ekuqaleni akhiqizwa ezindlini zezindaba zesiShayina.
“Kukhona ukukhwabanisa kolwazi okwenzekayo, lapho umthombo wangempela walowo mbhalo unyamalala, bese wethulwa kubabukeli njengokungathi uvela entathelini yendawo noma inhlangano yezindaba yendawo,” kusho uMadrid-Morales.
Ingqalasizinda yamahhala: Izinkampani zaseShayina zihlinzeke ngemishini yamahhala futhi zakha kabusha izindawo zokusakaza ukuze zidluliselwe ngedijithali.
Imithombo yezindaba ekhokhelwayo: I-China isayine izinkontileka zesikhathi eside zokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe emaphephandabeni amaningi ase-Afrika, okudala ukusakazwa kwemali okuye kwasetshenziswa kwezinye izimo ukuze kusetshenziswe kabi izindaba.
Imithombo yezindaba: I-China ikhokhele izinkulungwane zezintatheli zase-Afrika nabagqugquzeli bokuqukethwe ukuthi bavakashele ukuze bathole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe. EKenya kuphela, izikhungo zabezindaba zaseChina ziqashe amakhulu ezintatheli zase-Afrika.
I-Nantulya ibika ukuthi lezi zitolo zaseKenya zikhiqiza izindaba ezingaba ngu-1,800 ngenyanga.
“Akekho neyodwa intatheli yaseShayina noma noyedwa waseShayina obhekene nalezi zindaba,” kusho uNantulya. “Lezi yizindaba ezibekwa yizintatheli zase-Afrika ezikhokhelwa yilezi zinhlaka ezahlukene.”
UJoseph Odindo, intatheli yaseKenya eqeqeshwe eShayina, wayengumqondisi wokuhlela wenhlangano yezindaba enkulu kunazo zonke e-East and Central Africa, i-Nation Media Group. Uthe bekunzima ukulandelela abasebenzi bakhe.
“[Kwadingeka] senze ishadi elalizosenza sikwazi ukubona ukuthi ubani owayephumile ekuqeqesheni amaShayina nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, owayezobuya, nokuthi ubani owayezolandela – ngaphandle kwalokho ungathola ingxenye yegumbi lakho lezindaba ingaphakathi. Beijing uqeqeshwa,” utshele abe-ACSS.
I-Nantulya ikhathazekile ngokuthi yonke indawo yezindaba e-Afrika ikhungethwe ukuhlukumeza okuhleliwe kwe-China.
I-Nantulya ikhathazekile ngokuthi yonke indawo yezindaba e-Afrika ikhungethwe ukuhlukumeza okuhleliwe kwe-China.
“Kubantu abajwayelekile base-Afrika inkulumo-ze iyigama elingcolile,” esho. “Ufundisa abantu. Kodwa ngokomongo waseShayina, inkulumo-ze empeleni iyithuluzi lobuciko bombuso. ”
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